Table 4 Changes in cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular medication in patients receiving intervention vs usual care from baseline to 36 months follow-up

Antihypertensive medication

 Baseline

64 (53.3%)

57 (52.8%)

 Follow-up

67 (55.8%)

70 (64.8%

 Change, p-value

3 (2.5%), 0.405^c

13 (12%), 0.002^c

10 (9.5%)

0.044^b

Lipid-lowering medication

 Baseline

51 (42.5%)

34 (31.5%)

 Follow-up

57 (47.5%)

48 (44.4%)

 Change, p-value

6 (5%), 0.109^c

14 (12.9%), 0.002^c

8 (7.9%)

0.106^b

Antidiabetic medication

 Baseline

14 (11.7%)

11 (10.2%)

 Follow-up

19 (15.8%)

18 (16.7%)

 Change, p-value

5 (4.1%), 0.059^c

7 (6.5%), 0.008^c

2 (2.4%)

0.479^b

Daily smokers

 Baseline

36 (30%)

31 (28.7%)

 Follow-up

19 (15.8%)

22 (20.4%)

 Change, p-value

17 (14.2%), < 0.001^c

9 (8.3%), < 0.003^c

8 (5.9%)

0.176^b

SBP (mmHg)

 Baseline

131.95 (13.58)

132.82 (16.07)

 Follow-up

133.66 (15.83)

133.08 (14.0)

 Change, p-value

1.71 (15.39), 0.286^d

0.26 (15.46), 0.869^d

1.39 (-2.97 to 5.74)

0.531^a

 ANCOVA

-0.92 (-2.83 to 4.68)

0.628

DBP (mmHg)

 Baseline

81.88 (8.80)

84.79 (10.0)

 Follow-up

83.61 (8.88)

83.07 (8.68)

 Change, p-value

1.73 (9.60), 0.075^d

-1.72 (10.33), 0.109^d

3.45 (0.63 to 6.26)

0.017^a

 ANCOVA

1.63 (-0.68 to 3.93)

0.166

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

 Baseline

5.06 (1.06)

5.28 (1.18)

 Follow-up

5.07 (1.10)

5.05 (1.26)

 Change, p-value

0.01 (1.19), 0.933^d

-0.23 (1.33), 0.101^d

0.24 (-0.12 to 0.59)

0.194^a

 ANCOVA

0.11 (-0.20 to 0.41)

0.492

Weight (kg)

 Baseline

92.86 (19.28)

92.94 (21.73)

 Follow up

93.14 (19.80)

92.01(20.48)

 Change, p-value

0.28 (5.60), 0.613^d

-0.93 (8.14), 0.269^d

1.21 (-0.75 to 3.18)

0.225^a

 ANCOVA

1.21 (-0.72 to 3.13)

0.217

Waist circumference (cm)

 Baseline

106.4 (13.67)

105.9 (14.58)

 Follow-up

105.5 (13.77)

105.5 (14.49)

 Change, p-value

-0.8 (6.24), 0.184^d

-0.4 (8.41), 0.648^d

-0.44 (-2.52 to 1.64)

0.677^a

 ANCOVA

-0.38 (-2.40 to 1.64)

0.711

BMI (kg/m²)

 Baseline

30.80 (5.25)

30.58 (5.41)

 Follow-up

30.77 (5.48)

30.27 (5.37)

 Change, p-value

-0.03 (1.91), 0.880^d

-0.31 (2.57), 0.248^d

0.28 (-0.36 to 0.91)

0.392^a

 ANCOVA

0.29 (-0.34 to 0.92)

0.361

Fasting blood glucose (mmol/l)

 Baseline

6.44 (1.59)

6.33 (1.45)

 Follow-up

6.42 (1.45)

6.29 (1.60)

 Change, p-value

-0.02 (1.12), 0.871^d

-0.04 (1.11), 0.762^d

0.02 (-0.30 to 0.34)

0.915^a

 ANCOVA

0.05 (-0.25 to 0.35)

0.753

HbA1c (%)

 Baseline

6.01 (0.84)

5.91 (0.71)

 Follow up

5.87 (0.78)

5.83 (0.82)

 Change, p-value

-0.14 (0.42), 0.001^d

-0.08 (0.42), 0.055^d

-0.06 (-0.18 to 0.06)

0.342^a

 ANCOVA

-0.05 (-0.16 to 0.07)

0.439

Insulin (pmol/l)

 Baseline

89.97 (60.32)

103.28 (137.58)

 Follow-up

97.65 (64.24)

84.31 (50.27)

 Change, p-value

7.68 (67.13), 0.255^d

-18.98 (136.06), 0.177^d

26.66 (-3.42 to 56.73)

0.082^a

 ANCOVA

15.21 (-0.67 to 31.09)

0.060

hsCRP (mg/l)

 Baseline

2.84 (3.04)

2.90 (2.95)

 Follow-up

2.72 (3.12)

2.90 (5.21)

 Change

-0.13 (3.43), 0.714^d

0.00 (4.54)

-0.13 (-1.26 to 1,00)

0.824^a

 ANCOVA

-0.15 (-1.24 to 0.94)

0.784