Atrial fibrillation | Control | P value* | |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 1830) | (n = 6622) | ||
Age (years), mean ± SD | 77.5 ± 7.3 | 77.0 ± 7.2 | 0.006 |
Men, n (%) | 900 (49.2) | 3253 (49.1) | 0.97 |
Cardiovascular medication before the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 1005 (54.9) | 2523 (38.1) | <0.001 |
Diuretic, n (%) | 495 (27.0) | 1198 (18.1) | <0.001 |
β blocker, n (%) | 603 (33.0) | 1357 (20.5) | <0.001 |
Calcium channel blocker, n (%) | 303 (16.6) | 674 (10.2) | <0.001 |
ACE-inhibitor, n (%) | 340 (18.6) | 756 (11.4) | <0.001 |
ARB, n (%) | 172 (9.4) | 440 (6.6) | <0.001 |
Comorbidity | |||
Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± SD | 5 ± 2 | 4 ± 2 | <0.001 |
Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 235 (12.8) | 513 (7.7) | <0.001 |
Heart failure, n (%) | 214 (11.7) | 260 (3.9) | <0.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 149 (8.1) | 400 (6.0) | 0.001 |
Cerebrovascular event, n (%) | 259 (14.2) | 633 (9.6) | <0.001 |
Dementia, n (%) | 62 (3.4) | 242 (3.7) | 0.59 |
Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 47 (2.6) | 175 (2.6) | 0.86 |
History of peptic ulcers, n (%) | 150 (8.2) | 472 (7.1) | 0.12 |
Liver disease, n (%) | 57 (3.1) | 184 (2.8) | 0.44 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 319 (17.4) | 884 (13.3) | <0.001 |
Hemiplegia, n (%) | 30 (1.6) | 71 (1.1) | 0.048 |
Renal disease, n (%) | 208 (11.9) | 480 (8.1) | <0.001 |
History of tumours, n (%) | 237 (13.0) | 922 (13.9) | 0.28 |
Leukaemia, n (%) | 5 (0.3) | 24 (0.4) | 0.56 |
Lymphoma, n (%) | 7 (0.4) | 33 (0.5) | 0.52 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 780 (42.6) | 2213 (33.4) | <0.001 |
Valve disease, n (%) | 181 (9.9) | 235 (3.5) | <0.001 |